Talish language as well as Talish nation is
part of great Indho-European nations and languages family. As
it is known IndhoEuropean languages are too much as well as
nations of this great root (God bless all of them) and there
are many families in Indho-European Languages root, like: German
Languages, Roman Languages, Indhian Languages, Iran Languages.
Talish Language is one of Iran Languages (like: Persian, Tajik,
Kurdish, Dari, Osetin, Pashto, Pamir, Mundjan, Yagnobic, Beludj,
Gilan, Mazandarani, Lur, Bahtiyar, Tat and ancient Persian,
Midyan, Skif, Avestic, Alan Languages) and is related to the
Northern Group of Irani Languages.
Talish
Language is an analytic language (like French and some other
languages) with wide and rich abilities. 90% of all words
in Talish Language are of Talish origin and there are only
some dozen of words adopted from other languages. Talish Language
is supposed to be one of the oldest languages and so many
other languages have adopted many words of Talish Language.
Talish
Language has preserved index (pokazatel) of indirect case
(traces of the ancient nominative inflexion), gender categories
are absent in the Talish Language. Inflections also exist
in the morphological structure of the Talish Language. In
the syntactical relations postpositions and prepositions are
frequently used. Availability of different types of conjugations
depending on its transitiveness and non transitiveness are
typical for Talish verb.
Non
transitive verbs agree with the subject of action that degenerates
nominatively in the direct case; on transitive verbs the subject
of action degenerates nominatively in the indirect case; verb
is taken in the base form of the past tense. In most past
tense forms of transitive verbs, sentences are of ergative
form.
Unlike
the languages with ergative construction, transitive verb
in the Talish Language does not agree with the subject of
action. There are six general accents in the Talish Language
(Lankaran, Astara, Masalli, Lerik, Ardabil, Gilani).
Talesh
tribe has its own dialect rooted in ancient accents. Due to
the neighbaurhood and mixture of different tribes, the form
of the dialect spoken today by the tribe is distinct in different
parts of Talesh region. For example, in the north parts of
talesh which are at the neighbourhood of Ardabil province,
Taleshi dialect is mixed with Turkish language, while in the
south parts of the region which are in the vicinity of Bandar
Anzali, Rasht, and Somesara, Taleshi dialect is mixed with
words from gilaki language.
Taleshi
language is rooted, in the ancient pahlavi language, belongs
to the Iranian group of Indo-European languages.
As
the forms of biological phenomena were simple and primitive,
so were the forms of languages as more imitations of natural
phenomena such as the sound of water fall, birds’ chanting,
thandering, breaking of branches or emotional sounds and cries
uttered by man when in danger, excitement, or suffering. These
forms were gradually shaped into different voices and were
pronounced as distinct words with specific meaning for simple
and primitive needs. Therefore, Taleshi dialect, derived from
its natural and peripheral environment, and influenced by
the tribe’s systems of living, productions, trading, and cerermonies,
has responded to the communiative need of its population.
Taleshi
language has been productive in social and natural relationships
of the tribe. Activities such as agriculture , husbandry and
frequent migrations in warm and cold seasons are some factors,
among many, which have made Taleshi language qualified, rich
and unique.
We
hope this introduction will serve as a precedence for the
researches, competent in this field, to help us to enrich
this subject.
For
more information please visit the site: www.talishdili.4t.com
(In Azeri language).
